Information about the Hittites, Hittites Short Information

Post Date: 28.01.2025

The nation, who lived between 1650 and 1200 BC, led to the emergence of new views during the Assyrian Trade Colonies. It is an Indian - European tribe. The state founder is Labarna. It is referred to as Boğazkale or Hattusa in the capital. There is a large castle in the center of the city.

When proceeding in the north-west direction, private houses from that period and the lower city part where the Great Temple is located are reached. Yenice Castle and Yellow Castle are located here. The upper city is located on the south part. There are chest-shaped walls built by kings in the 13th century BC. These walls include the King's Gate, Potern, Sphinx Gate, Lion Gate.

Hittite History

Table of Contents

Hittite history can be examined in two parts. B.C. 1650 - 1450 The Old Kingdom and BC 1450 - 1200 is divided into Hittite Imperial Period. After the sovereignty of Anatolia, he organized a campaign to Syria. B.C. 1274'da after the Battle of Kadesh with Egypt BC. The treaty bearing the same name as the war in the year 1269 was made. This treaty is the first written treaty. The country was destroyed by the attacks of Kashka tribes.
B.C. The 1800 years were the first time that information about the state was obtained. The traditional Hittite history is the era called Telipinu era 'Middle Kingdom'.

What is Hittite?

Hittite is the oldest of the Indo-European languages. Syllables or single signs express words. Hieroglyphs are preferred in large inscriptions such as seals and rock monuments. Literacy is considered a skill for a small group. Among the works written in cuneiform, there are annuals, ceremonial texts, documents related to historical events, treaties, donation documents and letters. In addition to the clay tablets, there were also wooden and metal tablets.

It was in 1986 that the first metal tablet was discovered in Hattusa.
The Hittites adopted a polytheistic religion and there are thousands of gods and goddesses. Many of these gods were taken from the religions of other tribes. Gods overlap with humans. In addition to being physically overlapping, it is also like a human spiritually. They eat, drink and behave well if they are well taken care of, just like people do.

Since the establishment of the Hittites, the chief god is Tesup, the god of storm. Another god is Hetap, the Sun Goddess. The region is also known as the region of thousand gods. Although each city had a chief god, each king had a guardian god. It ensures the formation of the cosmic era and maintains the order of the kingdom. The political body in administration is Panku, also known as the imperial assembly. The kingdom was a hereditary element. However, if there was no first or second degree male who could be king, the wife of a first degree princess could also become king.

The heir apparent by the king should have Panku's approval and then take an oath of allegiance. There was queenship alongside the king, and although he could play an active role in queens, the king was the absolute power.

Judging by the content of the Kadesh Treaty, which is the first written treaty, II. While Ramses evacuated the places he had taken before the war, the Hittites took the city of Kadesh. Due to the murder of Muvattalli due to a military revolt during the treaty, III. Hattusili signed. It is the oldest treaty in world history based on the principle of equality.

The treaty was written in Akkadian on silver plaques using cuneiform writing. The seal of the queen is also taken with the seal of the king. Although the original version of the treaty is lost, a copy of the treaty engraved on the walls of Egyptian temples was found in the Boğazköy excavations and is exhibited in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, while an enlarged copy is in the United Nations building in New York.